Since late 2025, oil imports from Venezuela and Mexico have dropped sharply or stopped altogether, leaving the island without enough fuel to maintain electricity generation, transportation, and industry. The impact is visible in daily life. Rolling blackouts affect homes, hospitals, and schools, with some areas receiving power for only a few hours a day. Jet fuel shortages have forced airports to halt refueling, leading to airline cancellations and further damaging tourism, once a major source of revenue.

Fuel scarcity has raised prices on the informal market and caused long lines at gas stations. Rationing has pushed many residents to walk or rely on limited public transport, increasing strain on food distribution and public health services. External assistance has been limited. Mexico has sent humanitarian aid, but it does not address core energy needs. Without sustained fuel imports or long-term energy diversification, experts warn Cuba’s economic and social pressures will continue to grow.